Certified Medical-Surgical Registered Nurse Practice Exam

When educating a patient with heart failure, what lifestyle change should the nurse prioritize?

1. Increased physical activity without limitation

2. Weight control through diet modification

3. Decreased fluid intake no matter the level of restriction

4. Regular use of NSAIDs for pain management

The correct answer is: Weight control through diet modification

Focusing on weight control through diet modification is critical for a patient with heart failure. Managing dietary intake helps in regulating fluid retention and can lead to better overall control of weight. Patients with heart failure often have fluid restrictions, and understanding how diet impacts both fluid balance and weight is essential to their management. Reducing sodium intake is particularly important as excess sodium can lead to increased fluid retention and exacerbate heart failure symptoms. This approach not only helps maintain an appropriate body weight but also contributes to overall heart health. By prioritizing weight control through dietary modifications, the patient can manage symptoms more effectively and decrease the likelihood of exacerbations that can lead to hospitalization. Encouraging patients to make heart-healthy choices, such as adhering to a low-sodium diet, can significantly improve their quality of life and functional capacity.