Certified Medical-Surgical Registered Nurse Practice Exam

For a patient with Crohn's disease, what dietary recommendation should the nurse make?

1. High in fiber, and low in protein and calories.

2. High in potassium.

3. Low in fiber, and high in protein and calories.

4. Low in potassium.

The correct answer is: Low in fiber, and high in protein and calories.

In managing Crohn's disease, a low-fiber, high-protein, and high-calorie diet is often recommended to help reduce gastrointestinal symptoms and promote healing. Patients with Crohn's disease can experience strictures or narrowing of the intestines, which can lead to obstructions. A low-fiber diet is advantageous because it minimizes the risk of these obstructions by reducing the bulk of stool, making it easier for the intestines to process. Additionally, individuals with Crohn's disease may have increased caloric needs due to inflammation and difficulty absorbing nutrients, so a diet high in calories can help meet these needs. Protein is also crucial for healing and repairing tissues, particularly in people with inflammatory bowel diseases where there may be increased protein loss and a need for nutritional support. While potassium is an important electrolyte, most dietary recommendations do not specifically emphasize high potassium in this context, and a focused approach on fiber and caloric/protein intake aligns more closely with the management strategies for Crohn's disease. Reducing fiber intake while ensuring adequate protein and calories assists in managing symptoms effectively, making the recommended dietary approach vital for these patients.